We’re getting closer to a COVID-19 vaccine moving onto the market. The Food and Drug Administration is expected to issue Pfizer vaccine authorization Friday evening. And as details get ironed out — who will get it first and how and where — one thing is certain: The vaccine has to be kept in extreme cold at minus 94 degrees. And keeping it that cold requires dry ice.
Where does that dry ice comes from? Is there enough of it to go around? And how much is it going to cost?
Just about every day, Reggie Wright, a sales manager for Roberts Gas in the Washington, D.C., area gets calls from his anxious clients — food packagers, industrial cleaners, hospitals and labs that ship specimens. They want to know: “Do we think there’ll be a shortage, do we think we’ll have any problems supplying the quantities that they are guessing they may need?” he said.
That’s because demand for dry ice is about to spike, and a whole bunch of industries are worried.
“Without dry ice, we would not be able to get dairy cultures out there, and as a result, would not be able to process milk,” said Rebekah Sweeney of the Wisconsin Cheese Makers Association.
She said manufacturers use 350,000 pounds of dry ice a week to make cheese cultures. So whatever it costs, they’re going to need to buy it.
Now, dry ice sells for $1 to $3 a pound. It’s a solid form of carbon dioxide.
Prices started climbing in the spring because of the pandemic. Sam Rushing, president of Advanced Cryogenics, has been consulting to the industry for more than three decades. The new shutdowns “could precipitate more shortages,” he said, and higher costs.
Terry Esper, a supply chain expert at Ohio State University, said the prospect of scarcity could be an opportunity for innovation.
“We’re going to start exploring additional ways of maintaining temperatures while in transit that require solutions other than dry ice,” he said.
But he said in the meantime, while the vaccine gets priority, smaller businesses and nonessential industries may end up losing out.
What happens if the federal government does not provide more money to state and local governments in the next round of coronavirus relief?
Unlike the federal government, most state and local governments are bound by balanced budget requirements, meaning that when revenues decline, they’re forced to either reduce spending or increase taxes. Without federal assistance, the revenue drop would likely result in more job losses, said Tracy Gordon, a senior fellow with the Urban-Brookings Tax Policy Center. State and local governments employ more workers than any other sector, Gordon said.
What will it take to persuade people to get a COVID-19 vaccine?
There’s a saying in public health that vaccines don’t save lives, vaccinations save lives. A recent Pew Research poll shows 60% of Americans would definitely or probably get a COVID-19 vaccine if one were available today. That’s an improvement, but 21% still said they do not intend to get vaccinated and are “pretty certain” more information won’t change their minds. So what’ll it take? Building trust, said James Colgrove, a professor of public health at Columbia University. Having famous people get vaccinated on camera is one tactic for that. Former Presidents Barack Obama, George W. Bush and Bill Clinton have already volunteered.
Are states ready to roll out COVID-19 vaccines?
Claire Hannan, executive director of the nonprofit Association of Immunization Managers, which represents state health officials, said states have been making good progress in their preparations. And we could have several vaccines pretty soon. But states still need more funding, she said. Hannan doesn’t think a lack of additional funding would hold up distribution initially, but it could cause problems down the road. “It’s really worrisome that Congress may not pass funding or that there’s information circulating saying that states don’t need additional funding,” she said.
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December 12, 2020 at 06:05AM
https://www.marketplace.org/2020/12/11/dry-ice-makers-pressed-to-meet-demand-for-vaccine-distribution/
Dry ice makers pressed to meet demand for vaccine distribution - Marketplace
https://news.google.com/search?q=dry&hl=en-US&gl=US&ceid=US:en
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